Quick update:
Found some spare time to do some more research and installed Solus again. The wifi issues remain, so I have to disconnect and reconnect manually, to resolve those freezes. Have to live with that for now I guess, because installing a new wifi card is voiding my 1 year warranty most likely. Even though I do a lot of pc related diy in general, I like to keep my warranties before I do anything đ
Coming to the cpu issues. Well I suspect there is no issue at all but most likely some misunderstanding on my side. These power settings are probably changing cpu-states to save battery.
High performance give the cpu all the room to perform at its full potential. I see a cpu usage that matches windows10 mostly. It still drains the battery more quickly than windows10 but I guess it comes natural with any linux distro not being so well optimized like windows (which is fine I guess).
Choosing the balanced option caps the boosting functionality of the cpu I think (or at least some of it). Doing the same tasks as before still gives me 50% and sometimes 60% of cpu usage. But I stongly suspect, that the cpu usage is actually the same as before. Because of the cpu being limited, the cpu usage readings are correlating to that cap and not the full performance potential of a 100%. If the cpu gets all the juice it wants it actually uses 10% of 100%. Balanced mode caps it, lets say at 50/60% of its capability. The cpu usage stays the same but scaled to the 50% or so performace cap (which is the "new maximum performace state"). It shows as if the cpu is getting used much more intensively.
In a nutshell... its maybe just a scaling thing of the cpu usage readings, which I did not correctly understand. Those numbers seem off in the first moment and are quite misleading at first (for someone not knowing what these power settings are doing exactly and how it effects cpu usgae readings). But maybe someone who is wondering as well, is reading this. Still, I am not entirely sure if I am correct with my suspicion. But it seems to line up with my testings and research on that topic. You never stop learning and I hope my descriptions were not too diffucult to understand đ