Ok I have now done a full reinstall of solus and win10 and the roughly 500 MiB efi boot partition is created by solus. The kernel is now version 5.3.15 after a "sudo eopkg up". I also tried the suggested procedure for installing wifi drivers by typing in these commands in a terminal window:
sudo eopkg up
sudo eopkg it -c system.devel
sudo eopkg install git
sudo eopkg install linux-current-headers
git clone https://github.com/tomaspinho/rtl8821ce.git
cd rtl8821ce
uname -r
sudo make -C /lib/modules/5.3.15-138.current/build
make
sudo make install
sudo modprobe -a 8821ce
The Wi-Fi adapter is now found. Sadly when choosing the correct network the whole computer will freeze (keyboard, mouse and screen). I tried to undo the changes by "sudo modprobe -r 8821ce" but the Wi-Fi adapter is still there. Also a simple shutdown attempt on the computer will result in a freezed computer (the screen will show the solus shutdown prompt forever). What are my options now?