I've seen some other people posting about issues with Mailspring. I had some luck with the Flatpak, but it didn't work great, and I'd rather use native packages.
I was able to get the native one working by launching it with --disable-gpu and --no-sandbox. You can make it permanent by editing the launch options with menulibre.
I also had an issue with another Electron app (itch.io) where the only way to launch it was with --no-sandbox. Hope this helps anyone else trying to run Mailspring/other electron apps.
Does anyone know if this is just an Electron issue that we have to wait to be solved, or is there anything to be done about it?